Water hardness is measured by the presence of minerals, such as calcium and magnesium in tap water. These minerals originate from the soils our water source comes into contact with as it travels from and through watersheds. These minerals are leached into the water. Hard water can cause some types of scaling in pipes and water heaters, and on plumbing fixtures such as faucets and showerheads. Many people choose to install water softening devices that reduce the hardness in water. Below are the values need to set your water softener. Please contact Public Works with any questions 608-455-1842.